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Mulch is the unsung hero of summer garden health

Applying a layer of organic mulch is essential in summer, as it dramatically reduces water loss, keeps soil temperatures stable, and suppresses weed growth.

Photo: Sandie Clarke.

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Mulch, that layer of material spread over the soil surface, is perhaps the most underappreciated element of a healthy summer garden. It does more than just make your garden beds look tidy; it is a powerful tool for water conservation, weed suppression, and soil health. For a gardener facing the trials of summer heat, a good layer of mulch is a lifeline.

The triad of mulch benefits:

Water Retention: In the scorching sun, exposed soil loses moisture rapidly to evaporation. A 2- to 3-inch layer of organic mulch acts like a cool blanket, reducing water loss by up to 50%. This means you water less frequently, conserving both time and a precious resource.
Temperature Regulation: Mulch keeps the soil several degrees cooler than exposed dirt. This is vital, as overly hot soil can stress plant roots and prevent them from properly absorbing water and nutrients. It also moderates temperature swings, which is helpful during cool summer nights.
Weed Suppression: Weeds compete fiercely with your plants for water, light, and nutrients. A thick layer of mulch blocks sunlight, preventing most weed seeds from germinating. The few weeds that do pop through are easily pulled from the loose mulched layer.

Choosing your mulch:

Organic Mulches: These decompose over time, adding valuable organic matter and nutrients to your soil. Shredded wood mulch, straw (excellent for vegetable gardens), and shredded leaves are popular, effective choices.
Inorganic Mulches: Materials like gravel, crushed stone, or rubber mulch do not decompose. They are best for paths or around non-living structures, but they can heat up excessively in the sun and are generally not recommended directly around plants.

Proper Application: Always apply mulch after the soil has warmed up in early summer and after you have completed your initial spring weeding. Spread the mulch to a depth of 2-3 inches, ensuring it covers the entire surface of the bed.

The Mulch Volcano: A critical mistake to avoid is creating a "mulch volcano," where mulch is piled high against the base of a tree or plant stem. This traps moisture against the bark, leading to rot and creating an entry point for pests. Instead, pull the mulch back a few inches from the base of the plant to create a "doughnut" shape, leaving a bare ring around the stem.

By making a simple habit of mulching, you are not only easing your own summer workload but also creating a far more stable, healthy, and fertile environment for your plants to thrive.